Doubled Curved MIMO Antenna with Decoupling Ring Structure and DGS For Wi-Fi Based Wearable IoT Application

Abstract

The swift evolution of wireless communication technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT) has intensified the demand for wearable devices that can deliver high-speed and dependable connectivity. Wearable systems, including smart textiles and body-centric communication platforms, demand compact and low-profile antennas that can sustain stable performance under body motion and in close proximity to the human body. This work proposes a double-curved MIMO microstrip antenna operating at 5.3 GHz, specifically designed for wearable IoT applications. The antenna architecture incorporates a decoupling ring structure in conjunction with a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) to effectively suppress mutual coupling and improve overall electromagnetic performance. A jeans-based textile substrate with dimensions of 48 × 32 mm is utilized in the antenna fabrication, offering flexibility while maintaining mechanical robustness. Measurement results demonstrate excellent impedance matching with an S11 of −30.62 dB, high isolation characterized by an S21 of −45.67 dB, and a peak gain of 3.57 dB. The combined implementation of the DGS and decoupling ring structure significantly enhances the antenna bandwidth and radiation efficiency without compromising its compact form factor. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed antenna for wearable IoT and Wi-Fi applications requiring stable and efficient operation around the 5.3 GHz frequency band. Moreover, the presented design approach provides a viable framework for the development of future flexible and high-performance antenna systems for next-generation wireless communication technologies.